Page 25 - 3D Metal Printing Fall 2019

AM Insights 3D
workings. A variety of characteristics can be evaluated using this technique in an AM part. Porosity analysis can ensure detection of defects and identification of the location and size. Many times, the welds between layers can exhibit lack of fusion, hot cracking or poor penetration, which ultimately will reduce part strength. CT can identify these traits. Many AM parts built with complex geometry can trap powder internally, and CT easily detects this. Variations in part size to computer- aided design geometry and/or cracks also can be detected using CT technology. However, the CT can penetrate only to certain depths of a part. If not considered during part design, CT imaging of the part may not be possible. Other techniques using eddy current, ultrasound and coordinate measuring machines can help, but CT seems to be the largest adopted technique due to its ease of use. Determining the needed fre- quency of an inspection can save significant project costs. Complete inspection using CT can be costly; developing a plan to pre-qualify the process and only conduct regular process checks may be more cost-effective.
To ensure that a part meets requirements and produces the highest yield through the process, all factors need considera- tion early on. Too often, a company simply takes an existing part and orders a print from a service bureau that finds a way to print the part. If part use and function are not considered, you may not get the part you expect. 3DMP
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